v. εἰ.

wenn nicht, wo nicht, von Hom. an überall, sowohl mit dem indic. als mit dem optat. in den unter εἰ angegebenen Bdtgn ; πότ', εἰ μὴ νῦν, ἀμφὶ λίταν' ἕξομεν Aesch. Spt. 98 ; oft ironisch, es sei denn daß, es müßte denn, nisi forte. – Auch ohne Verbum, außer ; Od. 12.326 ; εἰ μὴ ὅσον, außer daß, Her. 1.45, 2.73 ; οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι οὐκ ἐκώλυον εἰ μὴ ἐπὶ βραχύ Thuc. 1.118 ; οὐχ ὁρῶντες οὐδέν, εἰ μὴ τῆς δίκης τὴν ἠλύγην Ar. Ach. 684. Zuweilen tritt ein zweites εἰ hinzu, nisi si, οὐ γὰρ τὸ ἑαυτῶν ἕκαστοι ἀσπάζονται εἰ μὴ εἴ τις τὸ ἀγαθὸν οἰκεῖον καλεῖ Plat. Symp. 205e ; Gorg. 480b u. öfter. – Εἰ δὲ μή, wenn aber nicht, wo nicht, θήλεια γὰρ φρήν· εἰ δὲ μή, τάχ' εἴσεται Aesch. Ch. 303 ; Plat. u. A. gew. nach bejahenden Sätzen, um diese aufzuheben ; seltener nach negativen Sätzen, πρὸς τῶν θεῶν μὴ οὕτω λέγε· εἰ δὲ μή, οὐ θαρσοῦντά με ἕξεις, wo nicht, d.h. wenn du doch so sprichst, Xen. Cyr. 3.1.35 ; vgl. Her. 6.56 ; Heindorf zu Plat. Hipp. 285e. Ueber εἰ μὴ διά vgl. διά. In den anderen Vrbdgn, wie εἰ μὴ ἄρα, εἰ μή περ ἄρα, behalten die einzelnen Partikeln ihre eigentliche Bdtg.

εἰ,
conjunctive particle, used in conditions and in indirect questions.
__I. Conditional, if;
__1. with indic, expressing a general assumption;
__(a) pres.: before indic, pres., Mat.11:14, Rom.8:25, al.; before imperat., Mrk.4:23 9:22, Jhn.15:18, 1Co.7:9, al.; before fut. indic., Luk.16:31, Rom.8:11, al.; before pf. or aor., with negation in apodosis, Mat.12:26, Rom.4:14, al.; similarly, before impf., Luk.17:6, Jhn.8:39; before quæst., Mat.6:23, Jhn.5:47 7:23 8:46, 1Pe.2:20;
__(b) fut.: Mat.26:33, 1Pe.2:20;
__(with) pf.: Jhn.11:12, Rom.6:5, al.;
__(d) aor.: Luk.16:11 19:8, Jhn.13:32, 18:23, Rev.20:15, al.
__2. Where the assumption is certain = ἐπεί: Mat.12:28, Jhn.7:4, Rom.5:17, al.
__3. Of an unfulfilled condition, with indic, impf., aor. or plpf., before ἄν, with imp. or aor. (see: ἄν, I, i).
__4. C. indic., after verbs denoting wonder, etc., sometimes, but not always, coupled with an element of doubt: Mrk.15:44, 1Jn.3:13, al.
__5. C. indic., as in LXX (Num.14:3o, 1Ki.14:45, al. = Heb. אִם), in oaths, with the formula of imprecation understood in a suppressed apodosis (WM, 627; Burton, §272): Mrk.8:12, Heb.3:11' (LXX) 4:3 (LXX).
__6. Rarely (cl.) with optative, to express a merely possible condition: Act.24:19 27:39, 1Co.14:10 15:37, I Pe3:14, 17.
__II. Interrogative, if, whether.
__1. As in cl., in indir. questions after verbs of seeing, asking, knowing, saying, etc.: with indic. pres., Mat.26:63, Mrk.15:36, Act.19:2, 2Co.13:5, al.; fut., Mrk.3:2, Act.8:22, al.; aor., Mrk.15:44, 1Co.1:16, al.; with subjc. aor. (M, Pr., 194), Php.3:12.
__2. As in LXX (= Heb. אִם and interrog. הֲ, Gen.17:17, al.; see WM, 639f.; Viteau, i, 22), in direct questions: Mrk.8:23 (Tr., WH, txt.), Luk.13:23, 22:49, Act.19:2, al.
__III. With other particles.
__1. εἰ ἄρα, εἴγε, εἰ δὲ μήγε, see: ἄρα, γε.
__2. εἰ δὲ καί, but if also: Luk.11:18; but even if, 1Co.4:7, 2Co.4:3 11:16.
__3. εἰ δὲ μή, but if not, but if otherwise: Mrk.2:21, 22 Jhn.14:2, Rev.2:5, al.
__4. εἰ καί, if even, if also, although: Mrk.14:29, Luk.11:8, 1Co.7:21, 2Co.4:16, Php.2:17, al.
__5. καὶ εἰ, even if, see: καί
__6. εἰ μή, if not, unless, except, but only: Mat.24:22, Mrk.2:26 6:5, Jhn.9:33, 1Co.7:17 (only), Gal.1:19 (cf. ἐὰν μή, 2:16; see Hort., Ja., xvi); ἐκτὸς εἰ μή, pleonastic (Bl., §65, 6), 1Co.14:5 15:2, 1Ti.5:19.
__7. εἰ μήν = cl. ἦ μήν (M, Pr., 46), in oaths, surely (Eze.33:27, al.): Heb.6:14.
__8. εἴ πως, if haply: Act.27:12, Rom.1:10.
__9. εἴτε . . . εἴτε, whether . . . or; Rom.12:6-8, 1Co.3:22 13:8, al.
(AS)